Most 10GBASE-T ports also support 1000BASE-T, some even 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T. With rare exceptions, a 100BASE-TX port ( 10/100) also supports 10BASE-T while a 1000BASE-T port ( 10/100/1000) also supports 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX.

If autonegotiation fails, some multiple-speed devices sense the speed used by their partner, but this may result in a duplex mismatch. Many Ethernet adapters and switch ports support multiple speeds by using autonegotiation to set the speed and duplex for the best values supported by both connected devices. In general, network protocol stack software will work similarly on all physical layers. The physical medium ranges from bulky coaxial cable to twisted pair and optical fiber with a standardized reach of up to 40 km. The Ethernet physical layer has evolved over its existence starting in 1980 and encompasses multiple physical media interfaces and several orders of magnitude of speed from 1 Mbit/s to 400 Gbit/s. It is complemented by the MAC layer and the logical link layer. The physical layer defines the electrical or optical properties and the transfer speed of the physical connection between a device and the network or between network devices. The Ethernet physical layer is the physical layer functionality of the Ethernet family of computer network standards.

Physical network layer of the Ethernet communications technologiesĪ standard 8P8C (often called RJ45) connector used most commonly on category 5 cable, one of the types of cabling used in Ethernet networksĬoaxial cable, twisted pair, optical fiberġ0BASE5, 10BASE2, 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T, 10GBASE-Tġ00 m (328 ft) over twisted pair, up to 100 km over optical fiberĭifferential (balanced), optical, single-ended

Cable to lan adapter